Dungeon Crawl Stone Soup version 0.35-a0-704-g041f4b8945 (webtiles) character file. Game seed: 11155154215746371414 23048 supaaa the Cleaver (level 12, -3/106 HPs) Began as a Minotaur Fighter on July 14, 2026. Was a High Priest of Okawaru. Killed from afar by a hellion (26 damage) ... with damnation ... on level 1 of the Abyss. The game lasted 00:16:10 (12395 turns). supaaa the Cleaver (Minotaur Fighter) Turns: 12395, Time: 00:16:10 Health: -3/106 AC: 20 Str: 33 XL: 12 Next: 68% Magic: 16/16 EV: 12 Int: 5 God: Okawaru [*****.] Gold: 839 SH: 6 Dex: 12 Spells: 11/11 levels left rFire + . . (50%) o - +11 mace of Beogh's Approval {speed, Str+3} rCold . . . (100%) c - +0 buckler rNeg . . . (100%) k - +2 chain mail {rF+} rPois . (100%) (no helmet) rElec . (100%) s - +0 cloak rCorr . (100%) d - +0 pair of gloves SInv . n - +2 pair of boots Will ..... f - amulet of chemistry Stlth q - +4 ring of slaying HPRegen 0.00/turn r - +6 ring of strength MPRegen 0.15/turn %: no passive effects @: about to teleport, sick A: horns 2, retaliatory headbutt a: Renounce Religion (0%), Heroism (0%), Finesse (11%), Duel (43%) You were on level 1 of the Abyss. You worshipped Okawaru. Okawaru was extremely pleased with you. You visited 2 branches of the dungeon, and saw 13 of its levels. You visited the Abyss 1 time. You collected 839 gold pieces. Inventory: Hand Weapons a - the +10 mace "Worm's Wrath" {heavy, rPois Dex+3} (You found it on level 10 of the Dungeon) rPois: It protects you from poison. Dex+3: It affects your dexterity (+3). It cannot be enchanted further. g - a +0 broad axe o - the +11 mace of Beogh's Approval (weapon) {speed, Str+3} (You found it on level 5 of the Dungeon) Str+3: It affects your strength (+3). It cannot be enchanted further. Missiles e - 28 poisoned darts (quivered) h - 10 boomerangs j - 2 curare-tipped darts p - 3 javelins Armour c - a +0 buckler (worn) d - a +0 pair of gloves (worn) k - a +2 chain mail of fire resistance (worn) n - a +2 pair of boots (worn) s - a +0 cloak (worn) u - the +6 plate armour "Tasusac" {+Inv rElec Slay-4} (You found it on level 10 of the Dungeon) +Inv: It lets you turn invisible. rElec: It insulates you from electricity. Slay-4: It affects your accuracy & damage with ranged weapons and melee (-4). It cannot be enchanted further. Jewellery b - a ring of flight f - an amulet of chemistry (worn) i - a ring of resist corrosion m - the ring "Remon" {rN++ Will+ AC+4 Str-5 Int+2} (You found it on level 11 of the Dungeon) [ring of protection] rN++: It greatly protects you from negative energy. Will+: It increases your willpower. AC+4: It affects your AC (+4). Str-5: It affects your strength (-5). Int+2: It affects your intelligence (+2). q - a +4 ring of slaying (worn) r - a +6 ring of strength (worn) t - a ring of positive energy Talismans l - the inkwell talisman "Ziogg" {rElec Will- Str+2 Int+4} (You found it on level 6 of the Dungeon) [inkwell talisman] rElec: It insulates you from electricity. Will-: It decreases your willpower. Str+2: It affects your strength (+2). Int+4: It affects your intelligence (+4). Wands c - a wand of roots (37) b - a wand of light (3) p - a wand of polymorph (11) a - a wand of flame (54) e - a wand of paralysis (7) Scrolls i - a scroll of identify t - a scroll of teleportation p - a scroll of poison f - 2 scrolls of fear V - 3 scrolls of vulnerability q - a scroll of revelation {unknown} b - 3 scrolls of blinking x - a scroll of amnesia y - a scroll of enchant weapon {unknown} z - a scroll of silence {unknown} B - a scroll of enchant armour {unknown} C - a scroll of noise {unknown} Potions m - 4 potions of might h - 2 potions of haste w - 4 potions of heal wounds M - 3 potions of mutation g - 2 potions of magic l - 2 potions of moonshine A - a potion of attraction b - 4 potions of brilliance L - a potion of lignification c - 2 potions of curing Skills: - Level 10.0 Fighting * Level 14.4 Axes + Level 11.0 Armour + Level 9.4 Dodging + Level 10.7 Shields + Level 6.6 Invocations You had 11 spell levels left. You didn't know any spells. Your spell library contained the following spells: Spells Type Power Damage Failure Level Poisonous Vapours Alch/Air 0% 1d1 86% 1 Slow Hex 0% N/A 86% 1 Blink Tloc 0% N/A 95% 2 Ensorcelled Hibernation Hex/Ice 0% N/A 95% 2 Lesser Beckoning Tloc 0% N/A 95% 2 Mercury Arrow Conj/Alch 0% 2d5 95% 2 Confusing Touch Hex 0% N/A 99% 3 Fugue of the Fallen Necr 0% N/A 99% 3 Inner Flame Hex/Fire 0% N/A 99% 3 Maxwell's Portable Pile Tloc 0% (3-9)d2 99% 3 Mephitic Cloud Conj/Alch/Air 0% N/A 99% 3 Passwall Erth 0% N/A 99% 3 Sigil of Binding Hex 0% N/A 99% 3 Swiftness Air 0% N/A 99% 3 Teleport Other Tloc 0% N/A 99% 3 Vampiric Draining Necr 0% 2d6 99% 3 Brom's Barrelling Bould Conj/Erth 0% 2d4 100% 4 Flame Wave Conj/Fire 0% 2d4 100% 4 Olgreb's Toxic Radiance Alch 0% N/A 100% 4 Petrify Alch/Erth 0% N/A 100% 4 Soul Splinter Necr Unusable N/A N/A 1 Summon Ice Beast Ice/Summ Unusable N/A N/A 3 Summon Horrible Things Summ Unusable N/A N/A 8 Dungeon Overview and Level Annotations Branches: Dungeon (12/15) Temple (1/1) D:4 Lair (0/5) D:11 Orc (0/2) D:10 The Realm of Zot is guarded by orbs of entropy. Altars: Ashenzari Cheibriados Dithmenos Elyvilon Fedhas Gozag Hepliaklqana Kikubaaqudgha Makhleb Nemelex Xobeh Okawaru Qazlal Ru Sif Muna Trog Uskayaw Vehumet Wu Jian Xom Yredelemnul Zin The Shining One Annotations: D:12 Sonja Innate Abilities, Weirdness & Mutations You have a pair of horns on your head. You reflexively headbutt those who attack you in melee. Message History You feel a little less mighty now. Found a corrupted altar of Lugonu. You encounter an abyssal acolyte. It is wielding a +0 whip. The abyssal acolyte shouts! You encounter an ancient zyme. You feel yourself growing ill in the presence of the ancient zyme. The white imp shouts, "Scamper hence, thou reeling-ripe fat-kidneyed bull-brain!" A hellion erupts from nowhere. The hellion gives a hideous shriek! You feel ill. The abyssal acolyte fiercely shimmers while chanting indecipherable hymns. The abyssal acolyte's form blurs. The hellion hits you but does no damage. The hellion gestures at you. The sphere of damnation explodes! The damnation engulfs you!! * * * LOW HITPOINT WARNING * * * You hear a shout! As you read the scroll of teleportation, it crumbles to dust. You feel strangely unstable. You feel the power of the Abyss delaying your translocation! You feel much better. You extract magical energy from the potion. You block the hellion's attack. The hellion hits you but does no damage. You completely miss the hellion. You headbutt the hellion! The hellion is moderately wounded. You barely miss the hellion. Your headbutt misses the hellion. The hellion is moderately wounded. The hellion barely misses you. You furiously retaliate! You headbutt the hellion. You sock the hellion! You headbutt the hellion. The hellion is severely wounded. The hellion gestures at you. The sphere of damnation explodes! The damnation engulfs you!! * * * LOW HITPOINT WARNING * * * The damnation engulfs the hellion. The hellion completely resists. You feel much better. The hellion gestures at you. The sphere of damnation explodes! The damnation engulfs you!! You die... #.. ≈~. _## . ###....#. #.....# #. # #...# #. .##.####ψ5## .# ... ..x# .### . .###2##..5# . # .## #@#####.. ..5. #.#.. #.##.. . §.###### # #.. #### # .# . ## . # # . You could see an abyssal acolyte (phased), an ancient zyme and a hellion. Vanquished Creatures Rupert (D:12) Kirke (D:11) A cognitogaunt (Abyss:1) Erolcha (D:9) 4 two-headed ogres 2 boulder beetles (D:12) Nergalle (D:12) A large abomination (Abyss:1) Pikel (D:5) A deep elf pyromancer (D:12) An ugly thing (D:11) 2 cyclopes (D:12) A gargoyle (D:12) A kobold demonologist (D:12) Cassandra (D:12) 5 trolls 2 hornets Grinder (D:3) Prince Ribbit (D:6) 4 slime creatures (D:10) Blorkula the orcula (D:5) Sigmund (D:3) 2 shadowghasts 2 wyverns 17 yaks (D:10) Eustachio (D:4) 2 basilisks 4 humans (D:12) A hog (D:12) A steam dragon (D:7) 3 vampire mosquitoes (D:12) Menkaure (D:5) Edmund (D:5) 2 acid dragons 3 water moccasins 2 kobold geomancers (D:8) 3 ice beasts 6 orc warriors 2 black bears A sky beast (D:6) 2 ogres (D:10) 2 centaurs A phantom (D:6) 4 kobold brigands 9 wights 5 vampire bats (D:5) 8 killer bees 7 howler monkeys 4 bombardier beetles 4 hounds 6 orc priests An iron imp (Abyss:1) A sleepcap (D:7) 2 drudes 4 iguanas Ijyb (D:3) A clockroach (D:5) 5 orc wizards Robin (D:4) 16 gnolls 12 adders A white imp (D:8) 8 ufetubi A dart slug (D:5) A ribbon worm (D:2) 5 endoplasms 17 hobgoblins 4 jackals (D:1) 32 orcs 4 quokkas 7 ball pythons 6 bats 6 frilled lizards 14 goblins 23 kobolds 10 rats 324 creatures vanquished. Vanquished Creatures (others) 2 elves (D:5) A naga (D:5) 2 dwarves (D:5) An oni (D:5) An orc (D:5) 7 creatures vanquished. Grand Total: 331 creatures vanquished Notes Turn | Place | Note -------+----------+------------------------------------------- 0 | D:1 | supaaa the Minotaur Fighter began the quest for the Orb. 0 | D:1 | Reached XP level 1. HP: 19/19 MP: 0/0 149 | D:1 | Reached XP level 2. HP: 24/27 MP: 1/1 161 | D:1 | Reached skill level 3 in Axes 294 | D:1 | Reached skill level 1 in Dodging 295 | D:1 | Reached XP level 3. HP: 28/33 MP: 2/2 1012 | D:2 | Identified the +2 robe "Osyolech" {Fly Int-4 Slay-3 Stlth+} 1098 | D:2 | Found an opulent altar of Gozag. 1104 | D:2 | Reached XP level 4. HP: 41/41 MP: 3/3 1152 | D:2 | Found a faded altar of an unknown god. 1935 | D:3 | Reached XP level 5. HP: 26/47 MP: 4/4 1938 | D:3 | Reached skill level 4 in Axes 2096 | D:3 | Encountered Sigmund 2103 | D:3 | Killed Sigmund 2104 | D:3 | Reached skill level 5 in Fighting 2104 | D:3 | Reached XP level 6. HP: 54/56 MP: 5/5 2331 | D:3 | Encountered Ijyb 2341 | D:3 | Killed Ijyb 2653 | D:4 | Encountered Eustachio 2664 | D:4 | Encountered Grinder 2668 | D:4 | Killed Eustachio 2669 | D:4 | Reached skill level 5 in Axes 2669 | D:4 | Reached skill level 5 in Armour 2669 | D:4 | Reached XP level 7. HP: 44/63 MP: 6/6 2748 | D:4 | Encountered Robin 2794 | D:3 | Reached skill level 5 in Shields 2955 | D:3 | Killed Grinder 3233 | D:4 | Killed Robin 3234 | D:4 | Reached skill level 6 in Axes 3296 | D:4 | Found a sacrificial altar of Ru. 3673 | D:4 | Found a statue of an orb of entropy. 3673 | D:4 | Found a statue of an orb of entropy. 3675 | D:4 | Found a staircase to the Ecumenical Temple. 3821 | Temple | Entered the Ecumenical Temple 3858 | D:5 | Entered Level 5 of the Dungeon 3865 | D:5 | Killed an elf 3876 | D:5 | Killed an elf 3973 | D:5 | Encountered Blorkula the orcula 3990 | D:5 | Killed Blorkula the orcula 3991 | D:5 | Reached XP level 8. HP: 48/73 MP: 7/7 3992 | D:5 | Identified the +11 mace of Beogh's Approval {speed, Str+3} 4138 | D:5 | Encountered Menkaure 4142 | D:5 | Killed Menkaure 4142 | D:5 | Encountered Edmund 4160 | D:5 | Killed Edmund 4328 | D:5 | Reached skill level 7 in Axes 4388 | D:5 | Encountered Pikel 4400 | D:5 | Killed Pikel 4460 | D:5 | Reached XP level 9. HP: 81/82 MP: 8/8 4467 | D:5 | Found a shimmering altar of Xom. 4758 | D:5 | Found a hide-covered altar of Uskayaw. 4819 | D:6 | Reached skill level 8 in Axes 4838 | D:6 | Reached skill level 5 in Dodging 4942 | D:6 | Identified the +0 quarterstaff of the Magi {flame, Fly rC+ | Dex+3} 5077 | D:6 | Encountered Prince Ribbit 5091 | D:6 | Killed Prince Ribbit 5273 | D:6 | Found an iron altar of Okawaru. 5275 | D:6 | Identified the inkwell talisman "Ziogg" {rElec Will- Str+2 | Int+4} 5467 | D:6 | Became a worshipper of Warmaster Okawaru 5554 | D:7 | Reached skill level 9 in Axes 5698 | D:7 | Found a stormy altar of Qazlal. 5723 | D:7 | Found a glowing golden altar of the Shining One. 5875 | D:7 | Reached skill level 1 in Invocations 6349 | D:8 | Reached * piety under Okawaru 6395 | D:8 | Reached XP level 10. HP: 93/93 MP: 10/10 6566 | D:8 | Found a shadowy altar of Dithmenos. 6703 | D:8 | Reached skill level 10 in Fighting 7123 | D:9 | Encountered Erolcha 7130 | D:9 | Killed Erolcha 7131 | D:9 | Reached skill level 10 in Axes 7377 | D:9 | Reached ** piety under Okawaru 7668 | D:9 | Found a hazy altar of Hepliaklqana. 7669 | D:9 | Found a glowing silver altar of Zin. 7692 | D:9 | Identified the +0 falchion of Jineoruj {freeze, Str+3 Int+2 | Dex+2} 7706 | D:9 | Found a blossoming altar of Fedhas. 7855 | D:9 | Found a shimmering blue altar of Sif Muna. 8210 | D:10 | Entered Level 10 of the Dungeon 8238 | D:10 | Reached skill level 11 in Axes 8360 | D:10 | Reached *** piety under Okawaru 8379 | D:10 | Identified the +10 mace "Worm's Wrath" {heavy, rPois Dex+3} 8430 | D:10 | Found a staircase to the Orcish Mines. 8453 | D:10 | Reached XP level 11. HP: 45/99 MP: 12/12 9089 | D:10 | Encountered a two-headed ogre 9096 | D:10 | Killed a two-headed ogre 9281 | D:10 | Found a shimmering altar of Xom. 9286 | D:10 | Reached **** piety under Okawaru 9302 | D:10 | Reached skill level 12 in Axes 9798 | D:10 | Identified the +6 plate armour "Tasusac" {+Inv rElec | Slay-4} 10238 | D:11 | Encountered a two-headed ogre 10245 | D:11 | Killed a two-headed ogre 10246 | D:11 | Reached skill level 5 in Invocations 10261 | D:11 | Found a staircase to the Lair. 10363 | D:11 | Identified the ring "Remon" {rN++ Will+ AC+4 Str-5 Int+2} 10656 | D:11 | Encountered a two-headed ogre 10663 | D:11 | Killed a two-headed ogre 10894 | D:12 | Reached skill level 10 in Armour 10894 | D:12 | Encountered a two-headed ogre 10894 | D:12 | Encountered Kirke 10898 | D:12 | Killed a two-headed ogre 10898 | D:12 | Reached ***** piety under Okawaru 10899 | D:12 | Reached skill level 13 in Axes 10938 | D:11 | Encountered a lindwurm 11019 | D:11 | Killed Kirke 11020 | D:11 | Reached XP level 12. HP: 76/106 MP: 15/15 11293 | D:12 | Encountered a boulder beetle 11306 | D:12 | Killed a boulder beetle 11400 | D:12 | Encountered Nergalle 11405 | D:12 | Reached skill level 10 in Shields 11419 | D:12 | Killed Nergalle 11631 | D:12 | Encountered a boulder beetle 11642 | D:12 | Killed a boulder beetle 11700 | D:12 | Received a gift from Okawaru 11758 | D:12 | Encountered Cassandra 11766 | D:12 | Killed Cassandra 11942 | D:12 | Encountered Rupert 11954 | D:12 | Killed Rupert 11955 | D:12 | Reached skill level 14 in Axes 12186 | D:12 | Encountered Sonja 12191 | Abyss:1 | Cast into level 1 of the Abyss (Sonja) 12253 | Abyss:1 | Encountered a green death 12285 | Abyss:1 | Encountered a thrashing horror 12288 | Abyss:1 | Encountered a cognitogaunt 12307 | Abyss:1 | Found a corrupted altar of Lugonu. 12327 | Abyss:1 | Killed a cognitogaunt 12384 | Abyss:1 | Found a corrupted altar of Lugonu. 12389 | Abyss:1 | HP: 4/106 [hellion/damnation (24)] 12394 | Abyss:1 | HP: 2/106 [hellion/damnation (23)] 12395 | Abyss:1 | Killed from afar by a hellion Illustrated notes Levels and vault maps discovered: D:1: lightli_arrival_noodles, layout_basic D:2: layout_loops_ring, dilly_ecumenical_altar_fadedgnrine, basic_altar D:3: layout_loops_corners, minivault_24, kennysheep_minor_cross, uniq_sigmund, uniq_ijyb D:4: layout_rooms, nicolae_ru_great_annihilating_truth, temple_hall, minmay_unequal, uniq_grinder, uniq_eustachio, uniq_robin D:5: layout_loops_ring, nicolae_uskayaw_OPEN_UP_THE_PIT, minmay_ruined_shrine, uniq_blorkula_the_orcula, uniq_edmund, uniq_menkaure, uniq_pikel D:6: layout_rooms, okawaru_gym_becter, uniq_prince_ribbit1 D:7: layout_loops_cross, grunt_temple_overflow_open, nicolae_figureground_pulse D:8: layout_loops_ring, nicolae_overflow_some_kind_of_shallow_water_thing, minmay_hedge_maze D:9: layout_loops_ring, nicolae_overflow_four_foyers_orthogonal, nicolae_overflow_two_pavilions, fedhas_ov_isle_minmay, nicolae_benzene_ring, uniq_erolcha D:10: layout_gridville, nicolae_xom_the_eyes_have_it, kennysheep_orc_monster_closet_entryway D:11: layout_gridville, lair_entry_dummy D:12: layout_basic, uniq_rupert, uniq_nergalle, uniq_cassandra, uniq_sonja, uniq_kirke Temple: minmay_temple_curvy_loop Abyss:1: base: D:12, base: D:5, minivault_19, minivault_22 Skill XL: | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 | ---------------+-------------------------------------+----- Fighting | 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | 10.0 Axes | 3 4 5 6 7 9 11 13 14 | 14.4 Dodging | 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 | 9.4 Armour | 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 | 11.0 Shields | 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | 10.7 Invocations | 1 3 5 6 | 6.6 Action | 1- 3 | 4- 6 | 7- 9 | 10-12 || total ---------------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------++------- Attack: Normal | 77 | 83 | 251 | 406 || 817 Melee: War axe | 88 | 84 | 114 | || 286 Headbutt | 18 | 21 | 77 | 149 || 265 Mace | | | 170 | 406 || 576 Throw: Dart | | 4 | 4 | 5 || 13 Boomerang | | | 2 | || 2 Evoke: Wand of roots | | 4 | 1 | 4 || 9 Wand of light | | 2 | 3 | 2 || 7 Wand of paralysis | | | | 2 || 2 Wand of flame | | | | 1 || 1 Drink: Heal wounds | | | | 2 || 2 Might | | | | 1 || 1 Read: Identify | | | | 10 || 10 Teleportation | | | | 2 || 2 Fear | | | | 1 || 1 Blinking | | | | 1 || 1 Vulnerability | | | | 1 || 1 Amnesia | | | | 1 || 1 Stab: Paralysed | | | 1 | || 1 Armour: Scale mail | 58 | 63 | 43 | || 164 Chain mail | | | 152 | 232 || 384 None | | | | 2 || 2 Dodge: Dodged | 33 | 38 | 122 | 148 || 341 Block: Buckler | 15 | 23 | 68 | 71 || 177 Table legend: (Time is in decaauts) A = Elapsed time spent in this place. B = Non-inter-level travel time spent in this place. C = Inter-level travel time spent in this place. D = Time resting spent in this place. E = Time spent auto-exploring this place. F = Levels seen in this place. G = Mean time per level. A B C D E F G +--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+-----+--------+ Total | 12317 | 11505 | 812 | 1414 | 8224 | 14 | 879.8 | Dungeon | 12103 | 11294 | 809 | 1300 | 8224 | 12 | 1008.6 | Temple | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2.0 | Abyss | 211 | 211 | 0 | 114 | 0 | 1 | 211.0 | +--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+-----+--------+ Top non-repeatable levels by time: D:10: 1976 daAuts D:3: 1696 daAuts D:9: 1071 daAuts D:12: 1069 daAuts D:5: 944 daAuts D:1: 896 daAuts D:11: 824 daAuts D:7: 823 daAuts D:8: 800 daAuts D:4: 676 daAuts D:2: 662 daAuts D:6: 661 daAuts Abyss:1: 211 daAuts Temple: 2 daAuts DLua errors: Table legend: A = God B = Rank C = Start time D = Start piety E = Piety gained F = Piety on gifts G = Piety on penance H = Piety on stepdowns I = Piety wasted at max piety J = Piety decays K = Piety lost (inc. decay) A B C D E F G H I J K +-----------------+---+---------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ Okawaru | 0 | 55253 | 15 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 Okawaru | 1 | 63965 | 30 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 Okawaru | 2 | 74106 | 50 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 Okawaru | 3 | 83788 | 75 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 Okawaru | 4 | 92877 | 100 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 Okawaru | 5 | 108761 | 120 | 29 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 +-----------------+---+---------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ Conducts for god: Okawaru Piety from conduct Conduct | 1- 3 | 4- 6 | 7- 9 | 10-12 || total ----------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------++------- Kill Living | 0 | 0 | 17 | 145 || 162 Kill Undead | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 || 15 Kill Demon | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 || 1 Kill Nonliving | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 || 1 ----------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------++------- Conduct count Conduct | 1- 3 | 4- 6 | 7- 9 | 10-12 || total ----------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------++------- Kill Living | 0 | 0 | 26 | 106 || 132 Kill Undead | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 || 16 Kill Demon | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 || 4 Kill Nonliving | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 || 1 ----------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------++-------