Dungeon Crawl Stone Soup version 0.35-a0-751-g170ea3cddb (webtiles) character file. Game seed: 15082347975130368470 31529 kimjee729 the Devastator (level 13, -2/63 HPs) Began as a Deep Elf Conjurer on July 24, 2026. Was the Champion of Sif Muna. Shot with an arrow by Nessos (23 damage) ... on level 4 of the Lair of Beasts. The game lasted 00:27:41 (15927 turns). kimjee729 the Devastator (Deep Elf Conjurer) Turns: 15927, Time: 00:27:42 Health: -2/63 AC: 11 Str: 4 XL: 13 Next: 26% Magic: 12/33 EV: 15 Int: 35 God: Sif Muna [******] Gold: 1475 SH: 0 Dex: 16 Spells: 30/41 levels left rFire . . . (100%) f - +6 spear "Qisoip" {heavy, rC+ rCorr Dex+3} rCold + + . (33%) d - orb {Glass} rNeg . . . (100%) p - +2 robe {rC+} rPois + (33%) j - +2 helmet rElec . (100%) k - +1 cloak {rPois} rCorr + (50%) b - +0 pair of gloves SInv . w - +0 pair of boots Will +.... u - amulet of magic regeneration Stlth ++ e - +6 ring of intelligence HPRegen 0.30/turn q - ring of flight MPRegen 0.86/turn %: no passive effects @: flying, hasted, studying 2 skills, very quick A: magic regeneration a: Imbue Servitor (0%), Renounce Religion (0%), Channel Magic (1%), Forget Spell (0%), Divine Exegesis (21%) You were on level 4 of the Lair of Beasts. You worshipped Sif Muna. Sif Muna was exalted by your worship. You visited 3 branches of the dungeon, and saw 17 of its levels. You also visited: Ice Cave. You collected 1501 gold pieces. You spent 26 gold pieces at shops. Inventory: Hand Weapons f - the +6 spear "Qisoip" (weapon) {heavy, rC+ rCorr Dex+3} (You found it on level 4 of the Dungeon) rC+: It protects you from cold. rCorr: It protects you from acid and corrosion. Dex+3: It affects your dexterity (+3). It cannot be enchanted further. l - the +0 short sword "Kikhlah" {vamp, rN++ Dex-2} (You found it on level 1 of the Lair of Beasts) rN++: It greatly protects you from negative energy. Dex-2: It affects your dexterity (-2). It cannot be enchanted further. Missiles c - 52 poisoned darts r - 9 atropa-tipped darts s - a curare-tipped dart Armour b - a +0 pair of gloves (worn) d - an orb of glass (worn) g - an orb of attunement j - a +2 helmet (worn) k - a +1 cloak of poison resistance (worn) n - a +2 robe of willpower o - +0 steam dragon scales p - a +2 robe of cold resistance (worn) t - a +2 crystal plate armour of cold resistance w - a +0 pair of boots (worn) Magical Staves x - a staff of air Jewellery e - a +6 ring of intelligence (worn) h - an amulet of dissipation i - a ring of resist corrosion m - a +6 ring of strength q - a ring of flight (worn) u - an amulet of magic regeneration (worn) v - an amulet of chemistry Talismans a - a talisman of death Wands p - a wand of polymorph (11) c - a wand of warping (23) d - a wand of digging (10) e - a wand of charming (23) f - a wand of mindburst (7) Scrolls T - 5 scrolls of torment t - 10 scrolls of teleportation x - 2 scrolls of amnesia p - 5 scrolls of poison f - 2 scrolls of fear V - 3 scrolls of vulnerability a - 2 scrolls of enchant armour w - 3 scrolls of enchant weapon W - 2 scrolls of brand weapon s - a scroll of summoning g - 8 scrolls of fog b - a scroll of blinking I - 2 scrolls of immolation N - 3 scrolls of noise Potions g - 2 potions of magic M - 3 potions of mutation w - 5 potions of heal wounds m - 4 potions of might l - 2 potions of moonshine h - 2 potions of haste L - 2 potions of lignification p - 2 potions of enlightenment {unknown} b - 3 potions of brilliance t - a potion of attraction {unknown} c - 5 potions of curing d - 2 potions of ambrosia {unknown} f - a potion of berserk rage {unknown} Skills: + Level 7.2 Dodging - Level 2.4 Stealth - Level 14.6 Spellcasting * Level 19.0 Conjurations * Level 8.9 Fire Magic You had 30 spell levels left. You knew the following spells: Your Spells Type Power Damage Failure Level a - Magic Dart Conj 100% 1d8 0% 1 b - Searing Ray Conj 100% 2d8 0% 2 c - Fulminant Prism Conj/Alch 37% 3d17 1% 4 d - Iskenderun's Mystic Conj/Tloc 75% 2d15 (+2d81% 4 Your spell library contained the following spells: Spells Type Power Damage Failure Level Foxfire Conj/Fire 100% 2x1d9 0% 1 Kinetic Grapnel Frge 100% 1d8 1% 1 Kiss of Death Conj/Necr 100% 2d13 1% 1 Shock Conj/Air 100% 1d9 1% 1 Slow Hex 100% N/A 1% 1 Soul Splinter Necr 100% N/A 1% 1 Momentum Strike Conj/Tloc 100% 3d10 1% 2 Scorch Fire 100% 2d9 1% 2 Static Discharge Conj/Air 100% 3-8/arc 1% 2 Hailstorm Conj/Ice 75% 3d13 1% 3 Inner Flame Hex/Fire 54% N/A 1% 3 Mephitic Cloud Conj/Alch/Air 63% N/A 1% 3 Iskenderun's Battlesphe Conj/Frge 75% 2d15 1% 4 Rending Blade Conj/Frge 75% 2d(12+2*) 1% 4 Starburst Conj/Fire 44% 6d12 1% 6 Blink Tloc 50% N/A 2% 2 Call Imp Summ 50% N/A 2% 2 Construct Spike Launche Frge 50% 2d5 2% 2 Sublimation of Blood Necr 25% N/A 2% 2 Forge Blazeheart Golem Fire/Frge 54% N/A 2% 4 Launch Clockwork Bee Frge 25% N/A 4% 3 Sigil of Binding Hex 25% N/A 4% 3 Summon Ice Beast Ice/Summ 25% N/A 4% 3 Tukima's Dance Hex 25% N/A 4% 3 Conjure Ball Lightning Conj/Air 37% 3x3d12 4% 6 Detonation Catalyst Fire/Alch 54% 2d3 7% 5 Awaken Armour Erth/Frge 50% N/A 16% 4 Leda's Liquefaction Alch/Erth 12% N/A 16% 4 Passage of Golubria Tloc 25% N/A 16% 4 Spellspark Servitor Conj/Frge 37% N/A 26% 7 Lee's Rapid Deconstruct Erth 12% 3d9* 41% 5 Summon Mana Viper Hex/Summ 25% N/A 41% 5 Permafrost Eruption Ice/Erth 12% 2x4d3 94% 6 Ignition Fire 36% 3d11 95% 8 Magnavolt Erth/Air 12% 4d11 100% 7 Maxwell's Capacitive Co Air 12% ∞ 100% 8 Dungeon Overview and Level Annotations Branches: Dungeon (12/15) Temple (1/1) D:4 Lair (4/5) D:10 Shoals (0/4) Lair:3 Snake (0/4) Lair:2 Orc (0/2) D:9 IceCv (visited) Slime: Lair:4-5 The Realm of Zot is guarded by orbs of entropy. Altars: Ashenzari Cheibriados Dithmenos Elyvilon Fedhas Gozag Hepliaklqana Kikubaaqudgha Makhleb Nemelex Xobeh Okawaru Qazlal Ru Sif Muna Trog Uskayaw Vehumet Wu Jian Xom Yredelemnul Zin The Shining One Shops: D:4 * D:6 : D:12 * Annotations: Lair:2 Erica Lair:4 Nessos Innate Abilities, Weirdness & Mutations You regenerate magic rapidly. Message History Your fulminant prism is lightly damaged. Nessos is heavily wounded. Casting: Iskenderun's Mystic Blast (safe; 1% risk of failure) Confirm with . or Enter, or press ? or * to list all spells. You erupt in a blast of force! The mystic blast hits Nessos!! Nessos is almost dead. Nessos is knocked back by the mystic blast. Nessos collides with your fulminant prism. Your fulminant prism is moderately damaged. Nessos is almost dead. The mystic blast hits the black mamba! The black mamba is severely wounded. The black mamba is knocked back by the mystic blast. Your fulminant prism crackles loudly. Casting: Iskenderun's Mystic Blast (safe; 1% risk of failure) Confirm with . or Enter, or press ? or * to list all spells. You erupt in a blast of force! The mystic blast hits Nessos but does no damage. Nessos is almost dead. Nessos casts a spell. Nessos blinks! Your fulminant prism explodes! You hear a croak. You hear a loud, deep croak! The black mamba attacks as it pursues you! The black mamba bites you but does no damage. Casting: Iskenderun's Mystic Blast (safe; 1% risk of failure) Confirm with . or Enter, or press ? or * to list all spells. You erupt in a blast of force! The mystic blast hits the plant!! The plant begins to die. The plant is lightly damaged. The mystic blast hits the fungus! The fungus begins to die. The fungus is lightly damaged. The mystic blast hits the black mamba! The black mamba is almost dead. The black mamba is knocked back by the mystic blast. The black mamba slams into the rock wall! You kill the black mamba! Nessos shoots an arrow. The arrow hits you! The arrow burns you. Nessos shoots an arrow. The arrow hits you!! You die... ##..Δ...Δ.#....# #.#.......##...◊. ###....Δ.... #....# ######........... #..## ##.#.......#.#.##. ..# ##........##.....# #..>....###......# ##...#####◊....### ##### ##.@#### ...# #†..# .....##.#P# ........### ........# ...........# .....[.§...# ..c.........# .............. You could see Nessos. Vanquished Creatures A reaper (IceCv) Fannar (D:10) 3 hydras 2 boulder beetles (D:12) A two-headed ogre (D:10) Amaemon (D:11) A harpy (Lair:3) An ugly thing (D:10) Maurice (D:8) 4 elephants (Lair:1) 3 black mambas An ice statue (IceCv) An orange demon (D:11) 4 cane toads An unseen horror (D:11) 5 komodo dragons An ice devil (IceCv) 3 trolls (D:11) A polar bear (Lair:3) A hornet (D:7) 8 blink frogs A dire elephant simulacrum (IceCv) 3 slime creatures (D:12) A shadowghast (D:12) A vampire (D:12) 2 anaconda simulacra (IceCv) 5 two-headed ogre simulacra (IceCv) 3 wyverns 2 death yak simulacra (IceCv) 17 yaks A basilisk (Lair:3) A steam dragon (D:10) A naga (Lair:2) 2 harpy simulacra (IceCv) An acid dragon (D:10) 11 water moccasins 2 kobold geomancers 2 ice beasts 5 orc warriors A black bear (D:4) A sky beast (D:7) An elephant simulacrum (IceCv) 15 wolves An ogre (D:7) 3 centaurs 5 phantoms 3 cane toad simulacra (IceCv) 5 kobold brigands 18 bullfrogs 4 scorpions 9 troll simulacra (IceCv) A polar bear simulacrum (IceCv) 3 rock fish 8 wights (D:7) A bes kemwar (D:7) 13 killer bees 14 howler monkeys 11 spriggan simulacra (IceCv) 3 bombardier beetles 4 hounds 3 jellies A naga simulacrum (IceCv) 7 orc priests 2 drudes A sleepcap (D:5) 4 iguanas 13 orc wizards A wolf simulacrum (IceCv) 2 gnolls (D:4) 13 adders 20 white imps 12 ufetubi 2 ribbon worms 4 dart slugs 8 endoplasms 6 hobgoblins 8 jackals 52 orcs 2 quokkas 7 ball pythons 3 bats 2 frilled lizards 13 goblins 31 kobolds 6 rats 453 creatures vanquished. Notes Turn | Place | Note -------+----------+------------------------------------------- 0 | D:1 | kimjee729 the Deep Elf Conjurer began the quest for the | Orb. 0 | D:1 | Reached XP level 1. HP: 10/10 MP: 6/6 171 | D:1 | Reached XP level 2. HP: 15/15 MP: 2/8 690 | D:2 | Reached skill level 5 in Conjurations 809 | D:2 | Reached XP level 3. HP: 19/19 MP: 6/10 1224 | D:2 | Learned a level 2 spell: Searing Ray 1258 | D:2 | Reached XP level 4. HP: 24/24 MP: 0/12 1273 | D:2 | Learned a level 4 spell: Fulminant Prism 1278 | D:2 | Learned a level 4 spell: Iskenderun's Mystic Blast 1764 | D:3 | Reached skill level 6 in Conjurations 1813 | D:3 | Reached XP level 5. HP: 28/28 MP: 10/14 1890 | D:3 | Found a hide-covered altar of Uskayaw. 2515 | D:4 | Reached skill level 5 in Spellcasting 2586 | D:4 | Reached skill level 7 in Conjurations 2586 | D:4 | Reached XP level 6. HP: 11/32 MP: 1/16 2805 | D:4 | Reached skill level 8 in Conjurations 2805 | D:4 | Reached XP level 7. HP: 20/36 MP: 3/18 3091 | D:4 | Identified the +6 spear "Qisoip" {heavy, rC+ rCorr Dex+3} 3178 | D:4 | Found Sute's Assorted Antiques. 3271 | D:4 | Found a staircase to the Ecumenical Temple. 3271 | D:4 | Found a statue of an orb of entropy. 3272 | D:4 | Found a statue of an orb of entropy. 3277 | Temple | Entered the Ecumenical Temple 3300 | Temple | Became a worshipper of Sif Muna the Loreminder 3468 | D:5 | Entered Level 5 of the Dungeon 3496 | D:5 | Encountered a wyvern 3509 | D:5 | Killed a wyvern 3510 | D:5 | Reached skill level 9 in Conjurations 3613 | D:5 | Reached XP level 8. HP: 41/41 MP: 11/21 4000 | D:5 | Reached * piety under Sif Muna 4045 | D:5 | Reached skill level 10 in Conjurations 4542 | D:6 | Reached skill level 11 in Conjurations 4941 | D:6 | Found Goirill's Book Boutique. 4969 | D:6 | Reached XP level 9. HP: 45/45 MP: 20/24 5137 | D:6 | Identified the +3 buckler of Privacy {*Corrode +Blink | Int+2} 5146 | D:6 | Reached ** piety under Sif Muna 5749 | D:7 | Reached skill level 10 in Spellcasting 5749 | D:7 | Reached skill level 12 in Conjurations 6148 | D:7 | Reached skill level 13 in Conjurations 6352 | D:7 | Reached *** piety under Sif Muna 6689 | D:7 | Reached XP level 10. HP: 50/50 MP: 19/27 6910 | D:8 | Encountered Maurice 6919 | D:8 | Something stole an amulet of guardian spirit 6920 | D:8 | Killed Maurice 7071 | D:8 | Found a stormy altar of Qazlal. 7071 | D:8 | Found a hazy altar of Hepliaklqana. 7072 | D:8 | Found a basalt altar of Yredelemnul. 7095 | D:8 | Found a burning altar of Makhleb. 7217 | D:8 | Reached skill level 14 in Conjurations 7235 | D:8 | Found a white marble altar of Elyvilon. 7705 | D:9 | Reached **** piety under Sif Muna 8148 | D:9 | Found a staircase to the Orcish Mines. 8812 | D:10 | Entered Level 10 of the Dungeon 8825 | D:10 | Encountered a white ugly thing 8830 | D:10 | Killed a white ugly thing 8831 | D:10 | Reached skill level 15 in Conjurations 8877 | D:10 | Reached ***** piety under Sif Muna 9163 | D:10 | Encountered a two-headed ogre 9171 | D:10 | Killed a two-headed ogre 9172 | D:10 | Reached XP level 11. HP: 54/54 MP: 14/30 9206 | D:10 | Found a staircase to the Lair. 9427 | D:10 | Encountered Fannar 9439 | D:10 | Killed Fannar 10004 | D:11 | Reached skill level 16 in Conjurations 10143 | D:11 | Identified the spore talisman of Radoewog {rElec Int+8 | Dex-3} 10279 | D:11 | Encountered Amaemon 10294 | D:11 | Killed Amaemon 10806 | D:12 | Found a frozen archway. 10828 | IceCv | Entered an ice cave 11236 | IceCv | Reached skill level 17 in Conjurations 11314 | IceCv | Encountered a reaper 11330 | IceCv | Killed a reaper 11722 | IceCv | Reached XP level 12. HP: 59/59 MP: 21/32 12065 | D:12 | Encountered a boulder beetle 12088 | D:12 | Killed a boulder beetle 12382 | D:12 | Found Iluen's Assorted Antiques. 12393 | D:12 | Bought a scroll labelled ELETEE ZEBO for 26 gold pieces 12454 | D:12 | Encountered a boulder beetle 12506 | D:12 | Killed a boulder beetle 12644 | Lair:1 | Entered Level 1 of the Lair of Beasts 12685 | Lair:1 | Reached skill level 5 in Fire Magic 12999 | Lair:1 | Reached skill level 18 in Conjurations 13003 | Lair:1 | Reached skill level 5 in Dodging 13155 | Lair:1 | Identified the +0 short sword "Kikhlah" {vamp, rN++ Dex-2} 13577 | Lair:2 | Encountered a seven-headed hydra 13590 | Lair:2 | Killed a seven-headed hydra 13717 | Lair:2 | Reached ****** piety under Sif Muna 13786 | Lair:2 | Received a gift from Sif Muna 13787 | Lair:2 | Got Sif Muna's Atlas of the Misty Automaton 13884 | Lair:2 | Encountered Erica 14145 | Lair:2 | Found a staircase to the Snake Pit. 14781 | Lair:3 | Reached XP level 13. HP: 63/63 MP: 15/33 14970 | Lair:3 | Found a radiant altar of Vehumet. 15013 | Lair:3 | Found a staircase to the Shoals. 15708 | Lair:4 | Reached skill level 19 in Conjurations 15887 | Lair:4 | Received a gift from Sif Muna 15888 | Lair:4 | Got Vifreshri's Handbook of Kinetic Arrival 15909 | Lair:4 | Encountered Nessos 15927 | Lair:4 | Shot with an arrow by Nessos Illustrated notes Levels and vault maps discovered: D:1: nzn_arrival_settlement, layout_basic D:2: layout_basic, amcnicky_mini_pool_small, bh_walls_and_bars D:3: layout_basic, lemuel_doored_altar D:4: layout_rooms, minmay_temple_entry_fiery, serial_shops, nicolae_shop_back_alley_shop, minmay_manual_mess D:5: layout_cave_pools, nicolae_nh_ransacked_shop D:6: layout_loops_corners, serial_shops, shop, eino_small_chamber_without_monster D:7: layout_gridville, serial_demonic, serial_demonic_d, serial_demonic_a, serial_demonic_b, serial_demonic_g, serial_demonic_g, serial_demonic_b D:8: layout_loops_cross, mainiacjoe_overflow_six_doors_small, nicolae_overflow_quartered_altars, uniq_maurice D:9: layout_cave_pods, david_orc_4 D:10: layout_loops_ring, david_lair_shrubbed, kennysheep_nub, st_stairs_13, dreamdust_wishing_well, uniq_fannar D:11: layout_irregular_city, uniq_amaemon D:12: layout_roguey, portal_ice_cave_entry_imps, serial_shops, nicolae_shop_statue_plus Temple: nicolae_temple_elliptical Lair:1: layout_chaotic_city Lair:2: layout_concentric_octagons, guppyfry_snake_entry_garden, minmay_stone_trees_small, regret_index_lairdec_castle_curve, uniq_erica Lair:3: layout_cave_pods, nicolae_shoals_entry_roost, basic_altar, lemuel_fruit_fields, infiniplex_staircase_pool_2 Lair:4: layout_cave_pods, dpeg_slime_entry_corner, grunt_megastairs_4, nicolae_lair_sylvan_descent, uniq_sonja, uniq_nessos Skill XL: | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | ---------------+----------------------------------------+----- Conjurations | 5 6 7 8 9 11 13 15 17 18 19 | 19.0 Spellcasting | 4 5 6 7 9 11 13 14 | 14.6 Dodging | 3 6 7 | 7.2 Fire Magic | 2 7 8 | 8.9 Stealth | | 2.4 Action | 1- 3 | 4- 6 | 7- 9 | 10-12 | 13-15 || total ---------------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------++------- Attack: Normal | 3 | | | 5 | || 8 Melee: Unarmed | 3 | | | | || 3 Spear | | | | 5 | || 5 Cast: Magic Dart | 62 | 74 | 168 | 69 | 6 || 379 Searing Ray | 3 | 14 | 36 | 8 | 1 || 62 Iskenderun's Myst | | 1 | 42 | 278 | 34 || 355 Fulminant Prism | | | 6 | 49 | 1 || 56 Invoke: Channel Magic | | | | 3 | || 3 Drink: Heal wounds | | | | 1 | || 1 Haste | | | | | 1 || 1 Read: Identify | | | 14 | 7 | 1 || 22 Torment | | | 1 | | || 1 Revelation | | | | 1 | || 1 Stab: Distracted | | | | 1 | || 1 Armour: Robe | 7 | 12 | 45 | 79 | 16 || 159 Steam dragon scal | | | | 20 | || 20 Dodge: Dodged | 7 | 18 | 40 | 91 | 14 || 170 Table legend: (Time is in decaauts) A = Elapsed time spent in this place. B = Non-inter-level travel time spent in this place. C = Inter-level travel time spent in this place. D = Time resting spent in this place. E = Time spent auto-exploring this place. F = Levels seen in this place. G = Mean time per level. A B C D E F G +--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+-----+--------+ Total | 15939 | 15450 | 489 | 699 | 12072 | 18 | 885.5 | Dungeon | 11487 | 11176 | 311 | 478 | 9002 | 12 | 957.2 | Temple | 47 | 3 | 44 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 47.0 | Lair | 3280 | 3146 | 134 | 102 | 2577 | 4 | 820.0 | Ice Cave | 1124 | 1124 | 0 | 119 | 493 | 1 | 1124.0 | +--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+-----+--------+ Top non-repeatable levels by time: D:6: 1383 daAuts Lair:2: 1213 daAuts IceCv: 1124 daAuts D:9: 1107 daAuts D:7: 1081 daAuts D:11: 1038 daAuts D:10: 1012 daAuts D:3: 962 daAuts D:5: 914 daAuts Lair:1: 913 daAuts D:4: 897 daAuts Lair:3: 890 daAuts D:2: 888 daAuts D:8: 853 daAuts D:1: 674 daAuts DLua errors: Table legend: A = God B = Rank C = Start time D = Start piety E = Piety gained F = Piety on gifts G = Piety on penance H = Piety on stepdowns I = Piety wasted at max piety J = Piety decays K = Piety lost (inc. decay) A B C D E F G H I J K +-----------------+---+---------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ Sif Muna | 0 | 33010 | 15 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 Sif Muna | 1 | 40000 | 30 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 Sif Muna | 2 | 51440 | 50 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 Sif Muna | 3 | 63515 | 75 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 Sif Muna | 4 | 77040 | 100 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 Sif Muna | 5 | 88765 | 120 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 5 Sif Muna | 4 | 91361 | 118 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 Sif Muna | 5 | 91441 | 120 | 48 | 0 | 0 | 46 | 0 | 0 | 8 Sif Muna | 6 | 137339 | 160 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 +-----------------+---+---------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ Conducts for god: Sif Muna Piety from conduct Conduct | 1- 3 | 4- 6 | 7- 9 | 10-12 | 13-15 || total ----------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------++------- Exploration | 0 | 0 | 62 | 160 | 30 || 252 ----------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------++------- Conduct count Conduct | 1- 3 | 4- 6 | 7- 9 | 10-12 | 13-15 || total ----------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------++------- Exploration | 0 | 0 | 8205 | 21338 | 3999 || 33542 ----------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------++-------